|
The Foreign Trade Policy (FTP)
2004-09 with clearly enunciated objectives &
strategies and initiatives taken by the Government
from time to time have been instrumental in
putting exports on a higher growth trajectory.
With merchandise exports growing at an average
rate of more than 25 percent per annum during
2004-08 period, India has improved its rank in
world merchandise exports from 30 in 2004 to 26 in
2008. During this period, the imports grew at a
much higher pace, increasing at an average rate of
32 percent per annum to meet the expanding
requirements of a growing economy.
During the last five year
period i.e. 2004-2008, Indian exports have done
very well in comparison to the performance
recorded by some of the major exporting nations
both developed as well as emerging markets. In
fact, India’s average annual growth rate of
merchandise exports at 25.0 percent was the third
fastest after Russia (28.5 percent) and China
(26.8 percent).
In the face of global slowdown
and financial crisis, Indian exports have shown a
good measure of resilience during 2008 as the
deceleration in the exports growth was less marked
in case of India as compared to a sharp decline in
exports growth recorded by other leading exporting
countries like USA, Germany, Japan, China etc. In
fact, India recorded a marginally higher growth
rate of 21.8 percent during 2008 as compaared to
21.5 percent during 2007. As compared to this,
export growth of China, the fastest growing
economy in the world, in 2008 dropped sharply to
17.2 percent as compared to 25.8 percent in 2007
reflecting a greater effect of the global slowdown
on its exports. Russia also experienced a higher
rate of growth of exports in 2008 at 33.1 percent
as compared to 16.7 percent in 2007. However, this
is due to high petroleum prices during the first
half of 2008 resulting in a higher value of
petroleum exports of Russia. The chart below shows
a comparative picture of average growth rate of
merchandise exports of major countries of the
world.
Table: 2.1
India’s Rank in the World
Merchandise Trade
|
Year |
Exports |
Imports |
|
2004 |
30 |
23 |
|
2005 |
29 |
17 |
|
2006 |
28 |
17 |
|
2007 |
26 |
18 |
|
2008* |
26 |
17 |
Source: International Trade
Statistics(WTO)
* Sourced from WTO : 2009 Press
Release dated 23rd March, 2009
Table: 2.2
Growth Rate of Exports of
Selected Countries (2004-2008)
|
Country |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
Average
(2004-08) |
|
USA |
12.9 |
10.5 |
14.6 |
12.2 |
11.8 |
12.4 |
|
Germany |
21.1 |
6.7 |
14.2 |
19.2 |
10.8 |
14.4 |
|
Japan |
19.9 |
5.2 |
8.8 |
10.4 |
9.5 |
10.7 |
|
China |
35.4 |
28.4 |
27.2 |
25.8 |
17.2 |
26.8 |
|
Singapore |
24.2 |
15.6 |
18.4 |
10.1 |
13.0 |
16.3 |
|
Brazil |
32.3 |
22.6 |
16.3 |
16.5 |
23.2 |
22.2 |
|
Malaysia |
20.8 |
11.4 |
14.0 |
9.7 |
13.2 |
13.8 |
|
Russia |
34.8 |
33.1 |
24.6 |
16.7 |
33.1 |
28.5 |
|
India |
30.0 |
30.0 |
21.5 |
21.5 |
21.8 |
25.0 |
|
World |
21.6 |
13.8 |
15.5 |
15.5 |
15.2 |
16.3 |
Source :Calculations based on
data sourced from International Trade Statistics (WTO)
CHART 2.1
India's Trade
Performance
Exports
India’s merchandise exports
reached a level US $ 163.0 billion during the year
2007-08 registering a growth of 29.1 percent over
the previous year. During 2007-08 the major
drivers of export growth were Engineering Goods
(27.4 percent); Petroleum Products (52.0 percent);
Chemicals (21.5 percent); Gems & Jewellery
(23.3 percent); Agriculture & allied Products
(55.6 percent); Ores & Minerals (30.4 percent)
and Cotton Raw incl. Waste (63.3 percent). Exports
of Gems & Jewellery, Textiles, Handicrafts and
Sports Goods, which were badly hit during 2006-07
due to appreciation of Rupee vis-a-vis US $ (since
September 2006), showed improvement during
2007-08. The spectacular achievement of export
during 2007-08 was accomplished despite economic
slow-down in some of our major export destinations
and steep appreciation of Rupee. In spite of all
these adverse conditions beyond our control, the
exporters have risen to the occasion showing great
resilience.
|
Box:
2.1
|
|
Export
Target and Achievement during the last five
years
|
|
An export
target of US $ 200 billion was set for the
year 2008-09. As against this, exports
reached a level of US $ 168.7 billion during
the year registering a growth of 3.5
percent. The set back was primarily on
account of global recession which resulted,
as per WTO, in shrinkage of world trade, in
volume terms, to 2 percent in 2008 from a
growth of 6 percent in 2007.
|
|
Despite the
recent setback faced by India’s export
sector, our merchandise exports recorded a
Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 21.5
percent during the five year period from
2004-05 to 2008-09. Performance of export
during these five year Policy period clearly
reflects a significantly higher trend of
growth of exports as compared to the
preceding five years when the exports
increased by a lower CAGR of 14.0 percent.
|
During 2008-09, India’s
exports reached a level of US $ 168.7 billion,
registering a growth of 3.5 percent as compared to
a growth of 29.1 percent during the previous year.
The growth of exports during the year has
exhibited a significant slow-down from September
2008 onwards. While, during the first half of the
year 2008-09, April-September, exports increased
by 31.3 percent with almost all the major
commodity groups, except marine products,
handicrafts and carpets, recording significant
growth. In the second half of the year 2008-09,
October-March, exports recorded a decline of (-)
19.2 percent with almost all the major commodity
groups recording significant negative growth. In
fact, commodities like Engineering Goods,
Petroleum Products, Chemicals & related
Products, Agriculture & Allied Products and
Plantation which recorded overall positive growth
during the year as a whole, also recorded negative
growth during the second half.
|
Box:
2.2
|
|
Impact of Global Slow-down on India’s
Exports
|
|
Global economy
has witnessed one of the most severe
downturn following the worsening of
financial crisis since September 2008. WTO
Press Release 23rd March 2009 has indicated
deceleration in the growth of Real Global
Output to 1.7 percent in 2008 as compared to
3.5 percent in 2007 and Merchandise Trade,
in volume terms, to 2 percent in 2008 as
compared to 6 percent in 2007. Similarly,
IMF’s World Economic Outlook, April 2009
has also estimated growth in World Output
only by 3.2 percent in 2008 (down from 5.2
percent in 2007) and World Trade Volume,
both Goods & Services, by 3.3 percent in
2008 (down from 7.2 percent in 2007).
|
|
The global
slowdown has affected India’s exports by
way of
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As per the IMF
forecast, while the World Output is likely
to fall by (-) 1.3 percent, the World Trade
Volume is projected to fall by a significant
(-) 11 percent in 2009. With a projected
significant fall in non-fuel commodity
prices by (-) 27.9 percent, export by
emerging and developing economies, is
estimated to fall by (-) 6.4 percent. WTO
Press Release 23rd March, 2009 has also
observed similar trend in the world
merchandise trade which has been projected
to fall by 9 percent in volume terms in 2009
with Developing Countries’ export
shrinking by 2-3 percent. Given these
projections, significant policy supports are
needed for the export sector to maintain our
share in the global trade.
|
Imports
Imports, in US $
terms, registered a growth of 35.5 percent during
2007-08 over the previous year. While the import
of POL increased by 39.6 percent, the Non-POL
import registered a growth of 33.7 percent. The
commodities which registered significant growth
are POL, Transport Equipment, Machinery, Iron
& Steel, Organic Chemicals, Coal, Fertilizer,
Artificial Resin, Manufactures of Metals, Machine
Tools, Pulses, etc.
During 2008-09,
imports reached a level of US $ 287.8 billion
registering a growth of 14.4 percent. Oil imports
were valued at US $ 93.2 billion, which was higher
by 16.9 percent over the previous year. Non-Oil
imports increased to US $ 194.6 billion, which was
higher by 13.2 percent. Items which registered
significant growth are Pearl, Precious &
Semi-Precious Stones, Crude & Manufactured
Fertilizer, Coal, Inorganic Chemicals, Project
Goods, etc. Import of Gold and Transport Equipment
registered significant decline.
Trade Balance
Performance
of Exports, Imports and Balance of Trade during
2003-04 to 2008-09 is given in the table
below:
Table: 2.3
Export, Imports & Balance of
Trade
(Values in Rs. Crore)
|
Year |
Exports |
Growth Rate (%) |
Imports |
Growth Rate (%) |
Balance of Trade |
|
2003-2004 |
293367 |
15.0 |
359108 |
20.8 |
-65741 |
|
2004-2005 |
375340 |
27.9 |
501065 |
39.5 |
-125725 |
|
2005-2006 |
456418 |
21.6 |
660409 |
31.8 |
-203991 |
|
2006-2007 |
571779 |
25.3 |
840506 |
27.3 |
-268727 |
|
2007-2008 |
655864 |
14.7 |
1012312 |
20.4 |
-356448 |
|
2008-2009(P) |
766935 |
16.9 |
1305503 |
29.0 |
-538568 |
Values in US $ Billion)
|
Year |
Exports |
Growth Rate (%) |
Imports |
Growth Rate (%) |
Balance of Trade |
|
2003-2004 |
63.8 |
21.1 |
78.1 |
27.3 |
-14.3 |
|
2004-2005 |
83.5 |
30.9 |
111.5 |
42.7 |
-28.0 |
|
2005-2006 |
103.1 |
23.4 |
149.2 |
33.8 |
-46.1 |
|
2006-2007 |
126.3 |
22.5 |
185.6 |
24.4 |
-59.3 |
|
2007-2008 |
163.0 |
29.1 |
251.6 |
35.5 |
-88.6 |
|
2008-2009(P) |
168.7 |
3.5 |
287.8 |
14.4 |
-119.1 |
(P): Provisional
Data Source: DGCI&S, Kolkata
Exports by Principal Commodities
Disaggregated data
on exports by Principal Commodities, in Rupee
terms, available for the period 2008-09
(April–February) as compared with the
corresponding period of the previous year are
given in Table 2.4. Exports during the period was
mainly driven by Engineering Goods, Chemical &
related products, Agriculture & allied
products, Electronic goods, Plantation and Sports
goods.
The share of top
five Principal Commodity Groups in India’s total
exports during 2008-09 (April-February) is given
at Chart 2.2 below:
The export
performance (in terms of growth) of top five
commodities during 2008-09 (April-February)
vis-a-vis the corresponding period of the previous
year is shown at Chart 2.3.
CHART 2.2
CHART 2.2
Plantation Crops
Export of plantation crops during
2008-09 (April–February), increased by 29.7 per cent
in rupee terms compared with the corresponding period
of the previous year. Export of Coffee registered a
positive growth of 31.3 per cent, the value increasing
from Rs. 1496.95 crore to Rs. 1966.11 crore. Export of
Tea also increased by 28.4 per cent.
Agriculture
and Allied Products
Agriculture and Allied Products as
a group include Cereals, Pulses, Tobacco, Spices, Nuts
and Seeds, Oil Meals, Guargum Meals, Castor Oil,
Shellac, Sugar & Molasses, Processed Food, Meat
& Meat Products, etc. During 2008-09
(April–February), exports of commodities under this
group registered a growth of 22.2 per cent with the
value of exports rising from Rs. 48,542.30 crore in
the previous year to Rs. 59,312.03 crore during the
current year.
Ores and
Minerals
Exports of Ores and Minerals were
estimated at Rs. 32,965.35 crore during 2008-09
(April-February) registering a growth of 3.0 per cent
over the same period of the previous year. Sub groups
viz. Processed Minerals, and Coal have recorded a
growth of, 30.7 per cent and -2.9 per cent
respectively. Mica and Processed Minerals have
registered significant growth of 61.8 and -4.8 percent
respectively.
Leather and Leather
Manufactures<
Export of Leather and
Leather Manufactures recorded a growth of 16.3 per
cent during 2008-09 (April-February). The value of
exports increased to Rs. 15,011.43 crore from Rs.
12,908.45 crore during the same period of the previous
year. Exports of Leather and Manufactures have
registered a growth of 17.5 per cent whereas Leather
Footwear registered a growth of 14.8 per cent.
Gems and
Jewellery
The export of Gems and Jewelry
during 2008-09 (April-February), increased to Rs.
78,260.37 crore from Rs. 71,868.27 crore during the
corresponding period of last year showing a growth of
8.9 per cent.
Chemicals
and Related Products
During the period 2008-09
(April-February), the value of exports of Chemicals
and Allied Products increased to Rs. 98,389.29 crore
from Rs. 78,795.29 crore during the same period of the
previous year registering a growth of 24.9 per cent.
Rubber, Glass & Other Products; Residual Chemicals
& Allied Products and Basic Chemicals,
Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics and Plastic &
Linoleum have registered a positive growth.
Engineering
Goods
Items under this group consist of
Machinery, Iron & Steel and Other Engineering
items. Export from this sector during the period
2008-09 (April-February) stood at Rs. 166,206.40 crore
compared with Rs. 119,545.55 crore during the same
period of the previous year, registering an overall
growth of 39.0 per cent. Export of Machine Tools and
Transport Equipments have registered growth of 30.6
and 86.1 per cent respectively.
Electronic
Goods & Computer Software in Physical Form
During the period 2008-09
(April-February), exports of Electronic Goods as a
group were estimated at Rs. 18,461.51 crore compared
with Rs. 12,520.54 crore during the corresponding
period of last year, registering a growth of 47.4 per
cent. Computer Software in Physical form has shown a
growth of 49.8 per cent and the exports of electronics
registered a growth of 47.4 per cent.
Textiles
During the period 2008-09
(April-February), the value of Textiles exports was
estimated at Rs. 77,211.03 crore compared with Rs.
66,609.56 crore in the corresponding period of the
previous year, recording a growth of 15.9 per cent.
The exports of Natural Silk Textiles and Manmade
Textiles & Made Ups have shown a positive growth
of 12.3 and 18.4 per cent respectively.
Handicrafts
and Carpets
Exports of Handicrafts declined to
Rs. 1272.93 crore during 2008-09 (April-February),
from Rs. 1918.46 crore during the corresponding period
of the previous year registering a negative growth of
33.6 per cent. Export of carpets decreased marginally
to Rs. 3,301.50 crore from Rs. 3590.88 crore during
the same period last year registering a negative
growth of 8.1 per cent.
Project
Goods
During 2008-09 (April-February),
the export of Project Goods were estimated at Rs.
595.42 crore compared with Rs. 558.86 crore during the
corresponding period of last year registering a growth
of 6.5 per cent.
Petroleum
Products
Export of Petroleum Products
increased to Rs. 113270.16 crore during 2008-09
(April-February), as compared with Rs. 97803.47 crore
during the same period of last year recording a growth
of 15.8 per cent.
Cotton Raw
including Waste
There was a negative growth in the
exports of Cotton Raw including waste by 62.0 per cent
from Rs 6596.59 crore in 2007-08 (April-February) to
Rs. 2,507.18 crore during 2008-09
(April-February).
Imports
by Principal Commodities
Disaggregated data on
imports by principal commodities, in Rupee terms,
available for the period 2008-09 (April–February),
as compared to the corresponding period of the
previous year are given in Table 2.5. Imports during
the period was mainly driven by commodities such as
Petroleum crude & products, Fertilizers
manufactured, Pearls Precious and semi-precious
stones, Coal, coke & briquettes, inorganic
chemicals, vegetable oils, manufactures of metals,
project goods etc.
The share of top five
Principal Commodity in India’s total imports during
2008-09 (April-February) is given at Chart 2.4.
The import performance
by top five Principal commodities during 2008-09
(April–February) vis-a-vis the corresponding period
of the previous year is shown at Chart 2.5.
Fertilizers
During 2008-09 (April-February),
import of Fertilizers (manufactured) increased to Rs.
52,992.64 crore from Rs. 17498.95 crore in
April-February 2008 recording a growth of 202.8 per
cent.
Petroleum
Crude & Products
The import of Petroleum Crude &
Products stood at Rs. 393,076.28 crore during April -
February, 2009 against Rs. 284,029.31 crore during the
same period of the previous year registering a growth
of 38.4 per cent.
CHART 2.4
CHART 2.5
Pearls,
Precious and Semi-Precious Stones
Import of Pearls and Precious and
Semi-Precious Stones during 2008-09 (April-February)
increased to Rs. 58,237.02 crore from Rs. 29,181.14
crore during the corresponding period of the previous
year registering a growth of 99.6 per cent.
Capital
Goods
Import of Capital Goods, largely
comprising Machinery, including Transport Equipment
and Electrical Machinery recorded a notable increase
during 2008-09 (April-February) over the same period
of last year. Import of Machine Tools, Non-Electrical
Machinery, Electrical Machinery and Transport
Equipment registered a growth of 20.3 per cent, 21.1
per cent, 27.5 per cent, and 11.0 per cent
respectively.
Organic
and Inorganic Chemicals
During 2008-09 (April-February),
import of Organic and Inorganic Chemicals increased to
Rs. 51705.33 crore from Rs. 36467.51 crore during the
same period of last year, registering a growth of 41.8
per cent. Import of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical
Products also increased to Rs. 7,587.94 crore from Rs.
6182.9 crore during the corresponding period of last
year registering a growth of 22.7 per cent.
Direction
of India’s Foreign Trade
The value of India’s exports to
and imports from major regions/ countries are given in
Table 2.6 & 2.7. Share of major destinations of
India’s Exports and Imports during 2008-09
(April-February) are given in Chart 2.6 and 2.7
respectively.
Chart 2.6
Chart 2.7
During the period
2008-09 (April-February), the share of Asia and ASEAN
region comprising South Asia, East Asia, Mid-Eastern
and Gulf countries accounted for 51.4 per cent of
India’s total exports. The share of Europe and
America in India’s exports stood at 23.8 per cent
and 16.5 per cent respectively of which EU countries
(27) comprises 22.3 per cent. During the period, USA
(12.0 per cent), has been the most important country
of export destination followed by United Arab Emirates
(10.8 per cent), China (5.1 per cent), Singapore (4.7
per cent), Netherland (3.7 per cent), Hong Kong (3.7
per cent), U.K. (3.6 per cent), Germany (3.4 per
cent), Saudi Arabia (3.0 per cent), Belgium (2.6 per
cent) and Italy (2.2 per cent).
Asia and ASEAN accounted
for 61.7 per cent of India’s total imports during
the period followed by Europe (18.7 per cent) and
America (10.1 per cent). Among individual countries
the share of China stood highest at (10.7 per cent)
followed by Saudi Arabia (7.1 per cent), UAE (6.4 per
cent) and USA (6.0 per cent), Iran (4.3 per cent),
Switzerland (4.2 per cent), Germany (3.6 per cent),
Kuwait (3.4 per cent), Nigeria (3.2 per cent), and
Iraq (2.8 per cent).
Import of
Sensitive Items during April 08-March 09
The total import of
sensitive items for the period April-March 2008-09 has
been Rs.45877.3 crores as compared to Rs.35919.3
crores during the corresponding period of last year
thereby showing an increase of 27.7 percent. The gross
import of all commodities during same period of
current year was Rs.1305503 crores as compared to Rs
1012312 crores during the same period of last year.
Thus imports of sensitive items constitute 3.5 percent
of the gross imports during last year as well as
current year. The summary of import of Sensitive items
is given in Table 2.8.
Imports of spices and
food grains have shown a decline at broad group level
during the period. Imports of all other items viz.
edible oil, fruits & vegetables (including nuts),
automobiles, cotton & silk, products of SSI,
rubber, alcoholic beverages, marble & granite, tea
& coffee and milk & milk products have shown
increase during the period under reference.
In the edible oil
segment, the import has increased from Rs 10942.54
crores last year to Rs 15873.60 crores for the
corresponding period of this year. The imports of both
crude edible oil as well as refined oil have gone up
by 34.4 percent and 120 percent respectively. The
increase in edible oil import is mainly due to
substantial increase in import of crude palm oil and
its fractions.
Imports of sensitive
items from Indonesia, China P RP, Korea RP, Myanmar,
Malaysia, Japan, United States of America, Germany,
Brazil, Thailand, Cote D’ Ivoire, Tanzania, Italy,
Australia, Czech Republic, Ukraine, Guinea Bissau etc.
have gone up while those from Argentina, Canada etc.
have shown a decrease.
Table 2.4
Export of
Principal Commodities
(Value in Rs.
Crore, Growth and Share in Percentage)
|
Commodity |
2006-2007
Apr-Mar |
2007-2008
Apr-Mar |
2007-2008
(Apr-Feb) |
2008-09(P)
(Apr-Feb) |
2008-09
Apr-Feb
%Growth |
2008-09
Apr-Feb
%Share |
|
|
|
A) |
|
|
PLANTATION |
3,938.51 |
3,906.44 |
3,347.97 |
4,342.50 |
29.71 |
0.62 |
|
|
01) |
|
Tea |
1,969.51 |
2,034.17 |
1,851.02 |
2,376.39 |
28.38 |
0.34 |
|
|
02) |
|
Coffee |
1,969.00 |
1,872.27 |
1,496.95 |
1,966.11 |
31.34 |
0.28 |
|
B) |
|
|
AGRI & ALLIED PRDTS |
39,344.68 |
54,395.81 |
48,542.30 |
59,312.03 |
22.19 |
8.52 |
|
|
01) |
|
Cereal |
7,670.51 |
14,753.43 |
12,886.78 |
13,416.16 |
4.11 |
1.93 |
|
|
|
a) |
Rice |
7,035.91 |
11,750.86 |
10,354.24 |
9,831.82 |
-5.05 |
1.41 |
|
|
|
b) |
Wheat |
35.35 |
0.24 |
0.23 |
1.46 |
525.98 |
0.00 |
|
|
|
c) |
Others |
599.25 |
3,002.33 |
2,532.31 |
3,582.89 |
41.49 |
0.51 |
|
|
02) |
|
Pulses |
773.34 |
526.41 |
495.70 |
462.75 |
-6.65 |
0.07 |
|
|
03) |
|
Tobacco |
1,685.16 |
1,931.89 |
1,739.29 |
2,946.57 |
69.41 |
0.42 |
|
|
|
a) |
Unmanufactured |
1,251.28 |
1,432.80 |
1,285.83 |
2,381.65 |
85.22 |
0.34 |
|
|
|
b) |
Manufactured |
433.89 |
499.09 |
453.46 |
564.92 |
24.58 |
0.08 |
|
|
04) |
|
Spices |
3,157.90 |
4,204.49 |
4,647.68 |
5,753.98 |
23.80 |
0.83 |
|
|
05) |
|
Nuts & Seeds |
4,311.44 |
5,021.17 |
4,362.92 |
5,244.96 |
20.22 |
0.75 |
|
|
|
a) |
Cashew incl CSNL |
2,506.52 |
2,234.77 |
1,974.70 |
2,724.39 |
37.96 |
0.39 |
|
|
|
b) |
Sesame & Niger seed |
1,006.45 |
1,732.32 |
1,441.14 |
1,423.95 |
-1.19 |
0.20 |
|
|
|
c) |
Ground nut |
798.46 |
1,054.08 |
947.08 |
1,096.63 |
15.79 |
0.16 |
|
|
06) |
|
Oil Meals |
5,504.32 |
8,140.55 |
6,899.86 |
9,622.70 |
39.46 |
1.38 |
|
|
07) |
|
Guergum Meal |
1,125.79 |
1,125.75 |
1,019.58 |
1,231.40 |
20.78 |
0.18 |
|
|
08) |
|
Castor Oil |
1,090.11 |
1,275.72 |
1,191.88 |
1,608.77 |
34.98 |
0.23 |
|
|
09) |
|
Shellac |
147.20 |
123.99 |
109.17 |
95.71 |
-12.33 |
0.01 |
|
|
10) |
|
Sugar & Mollasses |
3,260.83 |
5,662.77 |
4,829.65 |
4,495.17 |
-6.93 |
0.65 |
|
|
11) |
|
Processed Foods |
5,568.77 |
5,804.40 |
5,154.22 |
7,330.94 |
42.23 |
1.05 |
|
|
|
a) |
Fresh Fruits & Vegetables |
2,960.51 |
2,924.47 |
2,481.64 |
3,734.35 |
50.48 |
0.54 |
|
|
|
b) |
Fruits/Vgetable seeds |
121.59 |
141.96 |
126.39 |
102.16 |
-19.17 |
0.01 |
|
|
|
c) |
Processed & misc processed items |
2,486.68 |
2,737.96 |
2,546.19 |
3,494.44 |
37.24 |
0.50 |
|
|
12) |
|
Meat & Preparations |
3,314.03 |
3,749.47 |
3,396.29 |
4,903.00 |
44.36 |
0.70 |
|
|
13) |
|
Poultry & Dairy Products |
810.91 |
1,389.77 |
1,180.23 |
1,386.19 |
17.45 |
0.20 |
|
|
14) |
|
Flouriculture Products |
652.70 |
340.30 |
308.20 |
324.67 |
5.34 |
0.05 |
|
|
15) |
|
Spirit & Beverages |
271.67 |
345.70 |
320.84 |
489.06 |
52.43 |
0.07 |
|
C) |
|
|
MARINE PRODUCTS |
8,001.04 |
6,926.67 |
6,395.78 |
6,522.44 |
1.98 |
0.94 |
|
D) |
|
|
ORES & MINERALS |
31,685.96 |
36,716.92 |
31,994.32 |
32,965.35 |
3.04 |
4.73 |
|
|
01) |
|
Iron ore |
17,656.23 |
23,399.67 |
19,959.94 |
19,894.66 |
-0.33 |
2.86 |
|
|
02) |
|
Mica |
76.01 |
87.55 |
77.28 |
125.08 |
61.85 |
0.02 |
|
|
03) |
|
Processed Minerals |
5,936.01 |
5,023.20 |
4,397.51 |
5,745.66 |
30.66 |
0.82 |
|
|
04) |
|
Other ores & minerals |
7,705.06 |
7,929.68 |
7,335.17 |
6,982.03 |
-4.81 |
1.00 |
|
|
05) |
|
Coal |
312.65 |
276.82 |
224.42 |
217.92 |
-2.90 |
0.03 |
|
E) |
|
|
LEATHER & MNFRS |
13,650.38 |
14,101.30 |
12,908.45 |
15,011.43 |
16.29 |
2.16 |
|
|
01) |
|
Footwear |
5,776.09 |
6,238.42 |
5,710.70 |
6,555.47 |
14.79 |
0.94 |
|
|
02) |
|
Leather & mfrs |
7,874.28 |
7,862.88 |
7,197.75 |
8,455.95 |
17.48 |
1.21 |
|
F) |
|
|
GEMS & JEWELLERY |
72,295.17 |
79,227.74 |
71,868.27 |
78,260.37 |
8.89 |
11.24 |
|
G) |
|
|
SPORTS GOODS |
573.54 |
539.94 |
481.06 |
596.08 |
23.91 |
0.09 |
|
H) |
|
|
CHEMICALS & RELATED PRODUCTS |
83,357.37 |
89,971.06 |
78,795.29 |
98,389.29 |
24.87 |
14.13 |
|
|
01) |
|
Basic chemls, Pharma & cosmetics |
49,588.40 |
56,104.43 |
48,942.11 |
64,013.88 |
30.80 |
9.19 |
|
|
02) |
|
Plastics & Linoleum |
14,718.00 |
13,763.36 |
11,837.81 |
12,447.40 |
5.15 |
1.79 |
|
|
03) |
|
Rubber, glass & other products |
15,652.15 |
16,332.81 |
14,668.67 |
17,326.42 |
18.12 |
2.49 |
|
|
04) |
|
Residual chemls & allied products |
3,398.81 |
3,770.47 |
3,346.70 |
4,601.58 |
37.50 |
0.66 |
|
I) |
|
|
ENGINEERING GOODS |
1,19,874.96 |
1,35,717.06 |
1,19,545.55 |
1,66,206.40 |
39.03 |
23.86 |
|
|
01) |
|
Machinery |
53,978.97 |
66,380.46 |
58,707.28 |
92,098.88 |
56.88 |
13.22 |
|
|
|
a) |
Machine tools |
1,160.40 |
1,350.27 |
1,170.33 |
1,528.61 |
30.61 |
0.22 |
|
|
|
b) |
Machinery & Instruments |
30,420.34 |
36,750.06 |
32,732.38 |
44,406.78 |
35.67 |
6.38 |
|
|
|
c) |
Transport equipments |
22,398.22 |
28,280.14 |
24,804.57 |
46,163.49 |
86.11 |
6.63 |
|
|
02) |
|
Iron & Steel |
23,704.49 |
21,928.10 |
18,905.86 |
24,342.69 |
28.76 |
3.50 |
|
|
|
a) |
Iron & Steel Bar rod etc |
3,890.76 |
5,204.47 |
4,680.80 |
4,754.23 |
1.57 |
0.68 |
|
|
|
b) |
Primary & semi-finished iron & steel |
19,813.73 |
16,723.63 |
14,225.06 |
19,588.46 |
37.70 |
2.81 |
|
|
03) |
|
Other Engineering Items |
42,191.50 |
47,408.49 |
41,932.41 |
49,764.83 |
18.68 |
7.15 |
|
|
|
a) |
Ferro Alloys |
1,642.78 |
4,484.95 |
3,716.61 |
6,507.93 |
75.10 |
0.93 |
|
|
|
b) |
Aluminium other than products |
1,434.23 |
1,885.58 |
1,671.87 |
2,183.85 |
30.62 |
0.31 |
|
|
|
c) |
Non ferrous metals |
15,774.02 |
12,277.46 |
10,934.48 |
8,861.68 |
-18.96 |
1.27 |
|
|
|
d) |
Manufacture of metals |
22,992.16 |
28,389.04 |
25,274.48 |
31,737.96 |
25.57 |
4.56 |
|
|
|
e) |
Residual Engineering items |
348.31 |
371.46 |
334.96 |
473.42 |
41.33 |
0.07 |
|
J) |
|
|
ELECTRONIC GOODS |
13,292.73 |
14,083.78 |
12,520.54 |
18,461.51 |
47.45 |
2.65 |
|
|
01) |
|
Electronics |
12,914.31 |
13,484.44 |
12,043.01 |
17,746.30 |
47.36 |
2.55 |
|
|
02) |
|
Computer Software in physical form |
378.43 |
599.34 |
477.53 |
715.22 |
49.77 |
0.10 |
|
K) |
|
|
PROJECT GOODS |
622.43 |
584.06 |
558.86 |
595.42 |
6.54 |
0.09 |
|
L) |
|
|
TEXTILES |
74,391.06 |
74,378.89 |
66,609.56 |
77,211.03 |
15.92 |
11.09 |
|
|
01) |
|
Readymade garments |
40,237.24 |
39,001.01 |
35,090.21 |
42,067.41 |
19.88 |
6.04 |
|
|
02) |
|
Cotton, yarn, fabrics, made-ups etc |
19,089.39 |
18,720.59 |
16,474.94 |
17,625.68 |
6.98 |
2.53 |
|
|
03) |
|
Manmade textiles & made-ups etc |
10,863.39 |
12,785.02 |
11,560.43 |
13,687.48 |
18.40 |
1.97 |
|
|
04) |
|
Natural Silk textiles |
1,976.90 |
1,540.93 |
1,361.30 |
1,528.82 |
12.31 |
0.22 |
|
|
05) |
|
Wool & woolen mfrs |
385.50 |
373.58 |
334.59 |
421.64 |
26.02 |
0.06 |
|
|
06) |
|
Coir & coir mfrs |
660.25 |
644.87 |
577.81 |
609.07 |
5.41 |
0.09 |
|
|
07) |
|
Jute mfrs |
1,178.40 |
1,312.89 |
1,210.28 |
1,270.94 |
5.01 |
0.18 |
|
M) |
|
|
HANDICRAFTS |
1,981.91 |
2,046.21 |
1,918.46 |
1,272.93 |
-33.65 |
0.18 |
|
N) |
|
|
CARPETS |
4,199.09 |
3,795.53 |
3,590.88 |
3,301.50 |
-8.06 |
0.47 |
|
|
01) |
|
Hand-made excl silk |
4,066.73 |
3,723.42 |
3,520.79 |
3,251.78 |
-7.64 |
0.47 |
|
|
02) |
|
Mill-made excl silk |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
03) |
|
Silk carpets |
132.36 |
72.11 |
70.09 |
49.71 |
-29.08 |
0.01 |
|
O) |
|
|
COTTON RAW INCL WASTE |
6,107.81 |
8,865.39 |
6,596.59 |
2,507.18 |
-61.99 |
0.36 |
|
P) |
|
|
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS |
84,520.15 |
1,14,191.68 |
97,803.47 |
1,13,270.16 |
15.81 |
16.26 |
|
Q) |
|
|
UNCLASSIFIED EXPORTS |
13,942.50 |
16,415.04 |
14,412.01 |
18,272.01 |
26.78 |
2.62 |
|
|
|
|
Total |
5,71,779.29 |
6,55,863.52 |
5,77,889.37 |
6,96,497.63 |
20.52 |
100.00 |
|
Data Source: DGCI&S, Kolkata
(P) Provisional |
Table 2.5
Import of Principal Commodities
(Value in
Rs. Crore, Growth and Share in Percentage)
|
Commodity |
2006-2007 |
2007-2008 |
2007-2008 |
2008-09(P) |
2008-09 |
2008-09 |
| |
Apr-Mar |
Apr-Mar |
(Apr-Feb) |
(Apr-Feb) |
Apr-Feb
%Growth |
Apr-Feb
%Share |
| |
|
|
|
|
A) |
|
|
BULK IMPORTS |
3,80,740.54 |
4,51,357.82 |
4,04,457.63 |
5,73,169.86 |
41.71 |
47.83 |
|
|
01) |
|
Cereals & Preparations |
5,995.54 |
2,839.10 |
2,828.67 |
195.55 |
-93.09 |
0.02 |
|
|
|
a) |
Rice |
0.41 |
0.42 |
0.41 |
0.54 |
30.30 |
0.00 |
|
|
|
b) |
Wheat |
5,850.49 |
2,657.51 |
2,657.51 |
0.02 |
-100.00 |
0.00 |
|
|
|
c) |
Other cereals |
11.73 |
19.34 |
17.83 |
42.22 |
136.82 |
0.00 |
|
|
|
d) |
Preparations |
132.92 |
161.83 |
152.92 |
152.77 |
-0.09 |
0.01 |
|
|
02) |
|
Fertilizers |
14,226.86 |
21,764.79 |
20,511.60 |
60,521.72 |
195.06 |
5.05 |
|
|
|
a) |
Crude |
1,634.13 |
1,881.56 |
1,768.21 |
4,566.97 |
158.28 |
0.38 |
|
|
|
b) |
Sulphur & Un-roasted pyrites |
494.68 |
1,457.45 |
1,244.43 |
2,962.11 |
138.03 |
0.25 |
|
|
|
c) |
Manufactured |
12,098.05 |
18,425.78 |
17,498.95 |
52,992.64 |
202.83 |
4.42 |
|
|
03) |
|
Edible Oil |
9,539.90 |
10,301.09 |
9,622.96 |
14,446.45 |
50.12 |
1.21 |
|
|
04) |
|
Sugar |
3.49 |
2.24 |
5.44 |
422.75 |
7,672.31 |
0.04 |
|
|
05) |
|
Pulp & waste paper |
2,892.67 |
3,132.45 |
2,863.84 |
3,451.09 |
20.51 |
0.29 |
|
|
06) |
|
Paper board & mfrs |
5,625.76 |
6,315.65 |
5,759.86 |
5,834.91 |
1.30 |
0.49 |
|
|
07) |
|
Newsprint |
2,407.17 |
2,227.45 |
1,997.10 |
3,608.17 |
80.67 |
0.30 |
|
|
08) |
|
Crude rubber |
2,854.38 |
3,163.27 |
2,856.20 |
3,799.23 |
33.02 |
0.32 |
|
|
09) |
|
Non-ferrous metals |
11,787.15 |
14,115.58 |
12,650.85 |
13,445.87 |
6.28 |
1.12 |
|
|
10) |
|
Metalliferrous ores & products |
37,764.47 |
31,854.36 |
28,983.40 |
34,244.52 |
18.15 |
2.86 |
|
|
11) |
|
Iron & Steel |
29,071.40 |
34,987.34 |
32,348.40 |
40,123.31 |
24.03 |
3.35 |
|
|
12) |
|
Petroleum crude & products |
2,58,571.76 |
3,20,654.50 |
2,84,029.31 |
3,93,076.28 |
38.39 |
32.80 |
|
B) |
|
|
PEARLS, PRECIOUS & SEMI-PRECIOUS
STONES |
33,880.67 |
32,114.18 |
29,181.14 |
58,237.02 |
99.57 |
4.86 |
|
C) |
|
|
MACHINERY |
1,20,952.43 |
1,81,877.82 |
1,20,919.97 |
1,43,948.76 |
19.04 |
12.01 |
|
|
01) |
|
Machine Tools |
6,702.79 |
8,890.22 |
8,061.93 |
9,695.69 |
20.27 |
0.81 |
|
|
02) |
|
Machinery other than electrical |
62,672.36 |
79,910.91 |
71,789.54 |
86,926.20 |
21.08 |
7.25 |
|
|
03) |
|
Electrical machinery |
8,867.96 |
12,095.62 |
10,521.19 |
13,410.60 |
27.46 |
1.12 |
|
|
04) |
|
Transport equipment |
42,709.33 |
80,981.08 |
30,547.31 |
33,916.26 |
11.03 |
2.83 |
|
D) |
|
|
PROJECT GOODS |
8,126.46 |
5,207.90 |
4,489.43 |
12,884.96 |
187.01 |
1.08 |
|
E) |
|
|
OTHERS |
2,96,806.21 |
3,41,753.97 |
3,11,350.46 |
4,10,119.17 |
31.72 |
34.22 |
|
|
01) |
|
Cashew Nuts |
1,820.75 |
1,714.75 |
1,584.60 |
2,583.78 |
63.06 |
0.22 |
|
|
02) |
|
Fruits & Nuts |
1,913.11 |
1,858.64 |
1,715.95 |
2,168.73 |
26.39 |
0.18 |
|
|
03) |
|
Wool raw |
1,078.10 |
1,089.52 |
988.11 |
981.73 |
-0.65 |
0.08 |
|
|
04) |
|
Silk raw |
673.37 |
734.44 |
685.11 |
850.03 |
24.07 |
0.07 |
|
|
05) |
|
Synth.®.fibres |
439.11 |
446.08 |
405.04 |
577.70 |
42.63 |
0.05 |
|
|
06) |
|
Pulses |
3,891.91 |
5,374.94 |
4,984.22 |
5,377.69 |
7.89 |
0.45 |
|
|
07) |
|
Raw Hides & Skins |
314.86 |
348.28 |
315.14 |
413.44 |
31.19 |
0.03 |
|
|
08) |
|
Leather |
1,307.05 |
1,358.52 |
1,271.33 |
1,546.94 |
21.68 |
0.13 |
|
|
09) |
|
Coal,coke&briquette |
20,709.73 |
25,862.21 |
23,549.26 |
42,691.48 |
81.29 |
3.56 |
|
|
10) |
|
Non-metallic mnl.mfrs. |
3,529.53 |
4,217.35 |
3,828.70 |
4,917.30 |
28.43 |
0.41 |
|
|
11) |
|
Other crude minerals |
1,097.22 |
1,277.37 |
1,149.33 |
1,797.30 |
56.38 |
0.15 |
|
|
12) |
|
Organic&Inorganic chmls. |
35,433.38 |
39,882.62 |
36,467.51 |
51,705.33 |
41.78 |
4.31 |
|
|
13) |
|
Dyeing,tanning matrl. |
2,695.13 |
2,999.63 |
2,725.42 |
3,367.58 |
23.56 |
0.28 |
|
|
14) |
|
Medicinal&Pharma.prds. |
5,866.37 |
6,734.31 |
6,182.94 |
7,587.94 |
22.72 |
0.63 |
|
|
15) |
|
Artf.resins, etc. |
11,696.23 |
14,839.34 |
13,528.74 |
15,736.24 |
16.32 |
1.31 |
|
|
16) |
|
Chemical products |
5,980.09 |
6,544.28 |
5,822.45 |
8,215.54 |
41.10 |
0.69 |
|
|
17) |
|
OtherTextile yarn,fabrics,etc |
4,077.28 |
4,231.45 |
3,893.57 |
4,461.36 |
14.58 |
0.37 |
|
|
18) |
|
Manufactures of
metals |
7,256.32 |
10,720.93 |
9,706.42 |
13,458.26 |
38.65 |
1.12 |
|
|
19) |
|
Profl. instruments, etc. |
10,593.12 |
12,349.22 |
14,030.79 |
16,851.78 |
20.11 |
1.41 |
|
|
20) |
|
Electronic goods |
72,274.99 |
83,137.90 |
73,803.66 |
88,827.85 |
20.36 |
7.41 |
|
|
21) |
|
Wood and wood products |
4,684.35 |
5,456.27 |
4,910.50 |
5,590.25 |
13.84 |
0.47 |
|
|
22) |
|
Gold & Silver |
66,272.34 |
71,933.54 |
65,925.62 |
82,060.18 |
24.47 |
6.85 |
|
|
23) |
|
Tea |
127.06 |
130.95 |
120.33 |
183.85 |
52.79 |
0.02 |
|
|
24) |
|
Wollen Yarn and Fabrics |
144.64 |
190.07 |
182.14 |
158.74 |
-12.84 |
0.01 |
|
|
25) |
|
Cotton yarn and fabrics |
1,441.57 |
1,283.74 |
1,190.32 |
1,064.14 |
-10.60 |
0.09 |
|
|
26) |
|
Man made f’mnt spun yarn |
2,513.34 |
2,574.05 |
2,362.84 |
2,699.71 |
14.26 |
0.23 |
|
|
27) |
|
Made up textile articles |
322.67 |
397.37 |
367.56 |
640.32 |
74.21 |
0.05 |
|
|
28) |
|
Ready made garments(wov.) |
333.92 |
454.57 |
405.34 |
562.33 |
38.73 |
0.05 |
|
|
29) |
|
Silk yarn and fabrics |
900.49 |
833.10 |
791.19 |
742.34 |
-6.17 |
0.06 |
|
|
30) |
|
Milk & Cream |
28.90 |
29.66 |
26.10 |
34.29 |
31.37 |
0.00 |
|
|
31) |
|
Spices |
738.90 |
941.36 |
869.03 |
952.13 |
9.56 |
0.08 |
|
|
32) |
|
Oil seeds |
104.47 |
149.46 |
140.68 |
122.04 |
-13.25 |
0.01 |
|
|
33) |
|
Jute raw |
115.21 |
148.01 |
141.82 |
53.15 |
-62.53 |
0.00 |
|
|
34) |
|
Woollen & Cotton rags |
153.50 |
96.03 |
89.86 |
85.68 |
-4.65 |
0.01 |
|
|
35) |
|
Veg. & animal fats |
11.19 |
12.48 |
11.22 |
10.97 |
-2.15 |
0.00 |
|
|
36) |
|
Cottow raw and waste |
663.07 |
912.14 |
768.99 |
1,641.74 |
113.49 |
0.14 |
|
|
37) |
|
Essential oils & Cos.prep |
801.85 |
901.24 |
801.50 |
1,043.44 |
30.19 |
0.09 |
|
|
38) |
|
Cement |
65.40 |
218.16 |
177.19 |
311.50 |
75.80 |
0.03 |
|
|
39) |
|
Computer Soft.physical form |
4,375.71 |
4,264.78 |
3,148.10 |
5,050.51 |
60.43 |
0.42 |
|
|
40) |
|
Other Commodities |
20,359.99 |
25,105.23 |
22,281.83 |
32,993.84 |
48.08 |
2.75 |
|
|
|
|
Total |
8,40,506.31 |
10,12,311.70 |
8,70,398.64 |
11,98,359.76 |
37.68 |
100.00 |
|
Data Source: DGCI&S,
Kolkotta
(P) Provisional |
|
Table 2.6
Export by Principal Regions and Countries
|
|
Region/Countries
|
2006-2007
|
2007-2008
|
2007-2008
|
2008-09(P)
|
2008-09
|
2008-09
|
|
Apr-Mar
|
Apr-Mar
|
(Apr-Feb)
|
(Apr-Feb)
|
Apr-Feb
|
Apr-Feb
|
|
|
|
|
|
%Growth
|
%Share
|
|
1)
Europe
|
1,30,638.73
|
1,49,925.35
|
1,33,150.81
|
1,65,924.89
|
24.61
|
23.82
|
|
1.1 EU
Countries (27)
|
1,21,295.55
|
1,38,859.80
|
1,23,219.12
|
1,55,266.29
|
26.01
|
22.29
|
|
1) U K
|
25,421.29
|
26,967.48
|
24,092.35
|
25,334.09
|
5.15
|
3.64
|
|
2)
NETHERLAND
|
12,082.48
|
21,038.46
|
18,263.57
|
26,074.05
|
42.77
|
3.74
|
|
3)
GERMANY
|
18,007.23
|
20,598.93
|
18,388.09
|
24,052.29
|
30.80
|
3.45
|
|
4)
BELGIUM
|
15,721.70
|
16,943.10
|
15,000.65
|
18,129.14
|
20.86
|
2.60
|
|
5) ITALY
|
16,212.43
|
15,748.13
|
14,183.06
|
15,507.71
|
9.34
|
2.23
|
|
6) FRANCE
|
9,506.01
|
10,454.15
|
9,275.96
|
12,015.85
|
29.54
|
1.73
|
|
7) SPAIN
|
8,496.93
|
9,225.05
|
8,124.59
|
10,345.74
|
27.34
|
1.49
|
|
8) SWEDEN
|
1,752.93
|
2,188.18
|
1,983.48
|
2,255.66
|
13.72
|
0.32
|
|
9) GREECE
|
3,043.06
|
2,136.60
|
1,714.82
|
3,780.49
|
120.46
|
0.54
|
|
10) DENMARK
|
2,071.61
|
1,996.51
|
1,806.23
|
2,370.09
|
31.22
|
0.34
|
|
11) PORTUGAL
|
1,657.22
|
1,991.56
|
1,806.43
|
1,855.79
|
2.73
|
0.27
|
|
12) POLAND
|
1,385.83
|
1,799.61
|
1,606.90
|
2,054.84
|
27.88
|
0.30
|
|
13) IRELAND
|
1,021.84
|
1,264.15
|
1,142.98
|
1,714.65
|
50.02
|
0.25
|
|
14) ROMANIA
|
766.37
|
1,059.96
|
918.65
|
1,322.44
|
43.96
|
0.19
|
|
15) FINLAND
|
879.24
|
964.19
|
863.86
|
1,065.59
|
23.35
|
0.15
|
|
16) HUNGARY
|
468.46
|
924.66
|
833.61
|
1,242.39
|
49.04
|
0.18
|
|
17) AUSTRIA
|
597.06
|
737.25
|
663.66
|
2,145.08
|
223.22
|
0.31
|
|
18) CZECH REPUBLIC
|
463.36
|
725.81
|
674.68
|
753.20
|
11.64
|
0.11
|
|
19) SLOVENIA
|
401.93
|
480.81
|
416.79
|
663.26
|
59.13
|
0.10
|
|
20) BULGARIA
|
181.93
|
286.91
|
265.64
|
306.92
|
15.54
|
0.04
|
|
21) ESTONIA
|
127.11
|
280.90
|
258.73
|
210.97
|
-18.46
|
0.03
|
|
22) LATVIA
|
180.11
|
239.21
|
219.80
|
194.41
|
-11.55
|
0.03
|
|
23) LITHUANIA
|
183.62
|
237.79
|
213.36
|
252.89
|
18.53
|
0.04
|
|
24) CYPRUS
|
151.09
|
192.79
|
158.96
|
1,124.13
|
607.16
|
0.16
|
|
25) SLOVAK REP
|
163.07
|
192.06
|
175.81
|
151.14
|
-14.03
|
0.02
|
|
26) MALTA
|
274.13
|
138.62
|
122.14
|
297.40
|
143.49
|
0.04
|
|
27) LUXEMBOURG
|
77.49
|
46.94
|
44.33
|
46.08
|
3.94
|
0.01
|
|
1.2 Other WE Countries
|
8,978.95
|
10,638.53
|
9,552.69
|
10,122.79
|
5.97
|
1.45
|
|
1) TURKEY
|
5,983.12
|
7,043.39
|
6,368.78
|
5,861.52
|
-7.96
|
0.84
|
|
2) SWITZERLAND
|
2,110.96
|
2,475.94
|
2,130.56
|
2,731.61
|
28.21
|
0.39
|
|
3) NORWAY
|
829.72
|
1,063.08
|
1,001.12
|
1,459.01
|
45.74
|
0.21
|
|
4) ICELAND
|
52.00
|
55.41
|
51.55
|
50.02
|
-2.95
|
0.01
|
|
5) LIECHTENSTEIN
|
3.15
|
0.71
|
0.68
|
20.63
|
2917.08
|
0.00
|
|
1.3 East Europe
|
364.23
|
427.02
|
379.00
|
535.82
|
41.38
|
0.08
|
|
1) CROATIA
|
247.48
|
291.56
|
253.60
|
357.09
|
40.81
|
0.05
|
|
2) UNION OF
SERBIA & MONTENEGRO
|
54.29
|
53.72
|
48.68
|
57.72
|
18.55
|
0.01
|
|
3) MACEDONIA
|
25.79
|
33.46
|
32.09
|
44.65
|
39.11
|
0.01
|
|
4) ALBANIA
|
20.21
|
28.04
|
25.37
|
52.28
|
106.10
|
0.01
|
|
5) BOSNIA-HRZGOVIN
|
16.47
|
20.24
|
19.25
|
24.08
|
25.07
|
0.00
|
|
2)
Africa
|
38,061.80
|
46,463.41
|
41,969.10
|
45,655.61
|
8.78
|
6.56
|
|
2.1 Southern
Africa
|
12,753.66
|
14,523.88
|
13,058.13
|
12,392.85
|
-5.09
|
1.78
|
|
1) SOUTH
AFRICA
|
10,165.28
|
10,698.76
|
9,494.79
|
7,866.93
|
-17.14
|
1.13
|
|
2) MOZAMBIQUE
|
867.54
|
1,794.89
|
1,726.04
|
1,713.19
|
-0.74
|
0.25
|
|
3) ANGOLA
|
907.18
|
1,060.28
|
974.50
|
1,442.23
|
48.00
|
0.21
|
|
4) ZAMBIA
|
490.38
|
532.25
|
494.46
|
411.14
|
-16.85
|
0.06
|
|
5) NAMIBIA
|
83.64
|
165.19
|
132.66
|
382.74
|
188.51
|
0.05
|
|
6) ZIMBABWE
|
144.45
|
128.41
|
114.50
|
263.59
|
130.20
|
0.04
|
|
7) BOTSWANA
|
49.16
|
68.14
|
60.67
|
106.32
|
75.26
|
0.02
|
|
8) SWAZILAND
|
21.34
|
41.65
|
31.34
|
59.21
|
88.92
|
0.01
|
|
9) LESOTHO
|
24.70
|
34.32
|
29.17
|
147.51
|
405.67
|
0.02
|
|
2.2 West
Africa
|
11,056.21
|
13,990.29
|
12,850.72
|
13,203.74
|
2.75
|
1.90
|
|
1) NIGERIA
|
4,088.22
|
4,361.62
|
3,930.29
|
5,637.60
|
43.44
|
0.81
|
|
2) GHANA
|
2,086.34
|
3,249.62
|
3,099.64
|
2,238.36
|
-27.79
|
0.32
|
|
3) BENIN
|
685.55
|
1,108.43
|
914.45
|
874.52
|
-4.37
|
0.13
|
|
4) COTE
D’ IVOIRE
|
640.99
|
1,041.43
|
980.77
|
386.93
|
-60.55
|
0.06
|
|
5) TOGO
|
551.47
|
923.33
|
863.65
|
595.79
|
-31.01
|
0.09
|
|
6) SENEGAL
|
688.95
|
796.90
|
754.36
|
610.52
|
-19.07
|
0.09
|
|
7) CONGO
P REP
|
616.57
|
608.03
|
550.76
|
860.00
|
56.15
|
0.12
|
|
8) GUINEA
|
362.24
|
525.46
|
490.89
|
318.24
|
-35.17
|
0.05
|
|
9)
CAMEROON
|
375.55
|
292.32
|
273.08
|
386.52
|
41.54
|
0.06
|
|
10) NIGER
|
64.82
|
191.04
|
182.09
|
109.72
|
-39.74
|
0.02
|
|
11) BURKINA
FASO
|
67.86
|
130.06
|
113.59
|
206.11
|
81.45
|
0.03
|
|
12) MALI
|
288.91
|
129.83
|
120.08
|
149.08
|
24.16
|
0.02
|
|
13) GAMBIA
|
124.60
|
121.85
|
110.62
|
119.13
|
7.70
|
0.02
|
|
14) SIERRA
LEONE
|
94.04
|
121.22
|
111.77
|
176.23
|
57.67
|
0.03
|
|
15) MAURITANIA
|
98.27
|
115.89
|
106.31
|
140.55
|
32.21
|
0.02
|
|
16) GABON
|
75.31
|
104.05
|
93.62
|
87.00
|
-7.07
|
0.01
|
|
17) LIBERIA
|
109.17
|
92.42
|
82.82
|
108.58
|
31.09
|
0.02
|
|
18) EQUTL
GUINEA
|
21.52
|
44.45
|
41.74
|
28.21
|
-32.43
|
0.00
|
|
19) GUINEA
BISSAU
|
3.08
|
17.97
|
17.10
|
163.86
|
858.07
|
0.02
|
|
20) ST
HELENA
|
7.50
|
6.54
|
6.54
|
0.86
|
-86.90
|
0.00
|
|
21) SAO
TOME
|
3.93
|
5.97
|
4.81
|
4.38
|
-8.95
|
0.00
|
|
22) CAPE
VERDE IS
|
0.96
|
1.70
|
1.56
|
1.57
|
0.55
|
0.00
|
|
23) CANARY
IS
|
0.36
|
0.17
|
0.17
|
|
|
|
|
2.3 Central
Africa
|
920.70
|
1,036.23
|
933.98
|
1,371.64
|
46.86
|
0.20
|
|
1) UGANDA
|
486.10
|
618.58
|
560.47
|
774.61
|
38.21
|
0.11
|
|
2) MALAWI
|
192.77
|
258.48
|
226.79
|
346.44
|
52.76
|
0.05
|
|
3) CHAD
|
127.40
|
52.68
|
48.45
|
66.62
|
37.50
|
0.01
|
|
4) RWANDA
|
62.19
|
52.00
|
48.07
|
94.85
|
97.30
|
0.01
|
|
5) BURUNDI
|
35.86
|
32.38
|
29.51
|
57.70
|
95.53
|
0.01
|
|
6) CONGO
D. REP.
|
5.46
|
16.86
|
15.46
|
20.56
|
32.98
|
0.00
|
|
7) C
AFRI REP
|
10.91
|
5.25
|
5.22
|
10.87
|
108.17
|
0.00
|
|
2.4
East Africa
|
13,331.24
|
16,913.01
|
15,126.27
|
18,687.38
|
23.54
|
2.68
|
|
1) KENYA
|
5,952.55
|
6,356.09
|
5,453.03
|
5,570.61
|
2.16
|
0.80
|
|
2) MAURITIUS
|
3,332.76
|
4,372.46
|
4,090.82
|
4,147.35
|
1.38
|
0.60
|
|
3) TANZANIA
REP
|
1,306.94
|
2,364.55
|
2,077.68
|
4,525.93
|
117.84
|
0.65
|
|
4) DJIBOUTI
|
1,392.08
|
1,842.76
|
1,721.36
|
1,473.78
|
-14.38
|
0.21
|
|
5) ETHIOPIA
|
523.84
|
795.80
|
705.51
|
968.69
|
37.30
|
0.14
|
|
6) SOMALIA
|
389.42
|
488.93
|
429.50
|
297.31
|
-30.78
|
0.04
|
|
7) SEYCHELLES
|
58.44
|
288.89
|
280.20
|
403.69
|
44.08
|
0.06
|
|
8) MADAGASCAR
|
206.50
|
230.13
|
209.33
|
1,090.07
|
420.74
|
0.16
|
|
9) REUNION
|
98.39
|
134.22
|
121.53
|
153.96
|
26.68
|
0.02
|
|
10) COMOROS
|
70.31
|
39.18
|
37.31
|
55.99
|
50.08
|
0.01
|
|
3)
America
|
1,09,705.54
|
1,11,260.64
|
98,899.90
|
1,14,965.76
|
16.24
|
16.51
|
|
3.1 North
America
|
90,392.99
|
88,482.07
|
79,880.45
|
89,475.64
|
12.01
|
12.85
|
|
1) U S
A
|
85,368.49
|
83,388.07
|
75,298.87
|
83,803.13
|
11.29
|
12.03
|
|
2) CANADA
|
5,024.50
|
5,094.01
|
4,581.58
|
5,672.50
|
23.81
|
0.81
|
|
3.2 Latin
America
|
19,312.55
|
22,778.57
|
19,019.45
|
25,490.12
|
34.02
|
3.66
|
|
1)
BRAZIL
|
6,576.77
|
10,131.78
|
8,573.41
|
11,253.84
|
31.26
|
1.62
|
|
2)
COLOMBIA
|
2,609.23
|
3,049.08
|
2,196.36
|
1,564.45
|
-28.77
|
0.22
|
|
3)
MEXICO
|
2,424.38
|
2,382.05
|
2,153.34
|
2,678.67
|
24.40
|
0.38
|
|
4)
ARGENTINA
|
957.99
|
1,165.69
|
1,070.76
|
1,502.87
|
40.36
|
0.22
|
|
5)
PERU
|
568.37
|
1,154.87
|
997.80
|
1,327.95
|
33.09
|
0.19
|
|
6)
CHILE
|
1,698.26
|
1,004.44
|
891.46
|
1,656.41
|
85.81
|
0.24
|
|
7)
VENEZUELA
|
572.35
|
577.82
|
546.94
|
706.23
|
29.12
|
0.10
|
|
8)
TRINIDAD
|
489.04
|
547.64
|
159.47
|
1,174.28
|
636.37
|
0.17
|
|
9)
HONDURAS
|
512.04
|
383.22
|
353.96
|
278.34
|
-21.37
|
0.04
|
|
10) GUATEMALA
|
335.02
|
300.41
|
265.21
|
342.53
|
29.15
|
0.05
|
|
11) PANAMA
REPUBLIC
|
745.25
|
275.43
|
245.93
|
391.45
|
59.17
|
0.06
|
|
12) ECUADOR
|
236.53
|
222.93
|
199.97
|
376.60
|
|
Publications
